Ready-made pedagogical project of the student the world of stone. Cognitive project "World of stones"

Municipal budgetary educational institution

"Kalinin secondary school"

Stones. Unusual in ordinary.

Completed by: Kolesnikov Semyon,

2nd grade student of MBOU "Kalininskaya Secondary School"

Leader: Goncharenko L.M.

2013

Content

I. Introduction

II. Main part. My research on the topic “Stone. Unusual in ordinary "

1. Questionnaire

2. How did stones appear on Earth?

3. Stories of stones

IV. The practical part. My collection "World of Stone"

V. Conclusions

Vi. Bibliography

Choice of research topic. Often from a walk I bring home different stones. They can be found anywhere: on the streets of our village, on the banks of the Tasheba River, even in the vegetable garden. They are not similar to each other in shape, color, size, some are beautiful, others not very much, but they are all called with one word - stone. I look at them and think - probably each of them has its own name, its own history of appearance on Earth.

I wanted to know:

Where do stones come from? How many are there on Earth?

What are their names?Why are stones needed?

I tried to find the answer to these and other questions in my work.

Purpose of the study. Learn the history of the appearance of stones on Earth, their properties and significance in human life.

Research objectives.

Find and study literature on a given topic.

Find out what classmates know about the topic.

Learn as much as possible about stones (what they are, names, stories associated with stones, how they appeared on Earth, what benefits they bring to people).

Collect a collection of stones that a person uses.

Research hypothesis. I can propose:1) stones surrounding a person may have unusual properties; 2) a person can use the various properties of stones to their advantage.

Research methods:

analysis of scientific literature;

questioning;
observation;

comparison,

generalization.

Research results

To find answers to the questions posed, I asked my parents, read books on this issue, and worked on the Internet. Here are the results of my research.

Questionnaire

I conducted a survey among my classmates. It was attended by

19 people. Age - 8 years old.

Questions

Answered yes

Answered no

Have you collected stones?

If you did, then why?

13 people (answers: "to the collection", "interesting", "they are beautiful", "for the game", "for the aquarium", "just like that")

6 people

Do you know the names of the stones? Write down the names.

17 people (most named 1-2 stones)

2 persons

Do you know how stones appeared on Earth?

9 people

10 people

How does a person use stones?

11 people (answers: "in construction", "for crafts", "make beads, bracelets")

8 people

Do you want to know more about stones?

16 people

3 persons

Conclusions: the guys know little about the world of stones, they want to know more.

What is a "stone"?

Man has been friends with a stone for tens of thousands of years.The very first guns ancient man were made of stone. Archaeologists still find stone knives, axes, needles, spears in ancient burials. Therefore, one of the periods of ancient history is called the Stone Age.

In dictionaryI found the meaning of the word "stone".

"A stone is a solid rock in pieces or a solid mass, as well as a separate piece, a fragment of such a rock."

There are more than 8000 types of natural stones in the world.

How did stones appear on Earth?

Stones differ in color, appearance and properties because they were "born" in different conditions.

There are rocks that were "born" from magma - molten matter from the depths of the Earth. Magma could bearlava flows during volcanic eruptionsor it froze at some depth, before reaching the earth's surface. These are igneous rocks. This is how granite and basalt were formed.
Sedimentary rocks were "born" from fragments of other rocks. They were processed and brought by water. For example, sandstone, rock salt.

Rocks could be "born" from the remains of ancient plants and animals. This is how limestone was formed.

Stories of stones.

The first stone: coal.

I found this stone in our yard. It is black, shiny, rough to the touch, hard, durable. The stone has one remarkable property - it heats up in the fire, pours with a red flame, hot, like the fire becomes and burns itself. This is bituminous coal.

Where did he come from?

It all began many millions of years ago, when the Earth was the kingdom of forests and swamps. Stepping on the forests, the swamp water flooded all the land around the giant trees, undermining their roots, the trees died and fell into the muddy swamp slurry. For a long time, a thick layer of caked plants accumulated underground. The remains of the trees rotted and turned into a brown mass - peat. Compressed by layers of earth, peat gradually hardened, turned to stone and turned into stone - brown coal. And if brown coal under the ground was very strongly compressed, then it gradually turned into black coal, and then into anthracite. This is the best grade of coal. It burns almost without smoke and gives a lot of heat.

When coal burns, it gives off a lot of heat. This is why man uses it as fuel.

In addition to heat and energy, coal gave us many other gifts: plastic toys, medicinal and aromatic substances, car tires, fishing nets, paints and varnishes.

On the map "Minerals of Khakassia" there are black squares - these are conventional signs of a coal deposit.

Not far from our village Kalinino is the city of Chernogorsk. It is called the city of coal miners. Chernogorsk got its name from the Black Mountain, it is a real pantry of coal. Coal reserves in the Chernogorsk deposit amount to hundreds of millions of tons. This coal will last for decades to come. And the reserves of the Beyskoye field are about one billion tons. In Khakassia there are also the Izykhskoye and Askizskoye deposits of coal.

The second stone: limestone.

I saw this stone at home when my parents were preparing to whitewash. If you boil it, you get lime. And the stone itself is called limestone. Limestone is a white or whitish gray stone and leaves white marks on your hands.

It is usually mined in quarries or in an open way. People who extract limestone in a quarry work as if at the bottom of the sea. Of course, now there is no sea in this place, but it was many millions of years ago (then the continents, oceans and seas were not located as they are now). Marine organisms, dying, settled to the bottom. From their skeletons, shells, limestone strata gradually formed.

When large, even limestone stones are needed, they are cut out in the quarry with special saws. If small, uneven stones are needed, they are mined with an excavator.

It is a very useful mineral. No construction site is complete without limestone. It is spent on the production of cement, which is needed to hold together building parts: bricks, slabs, blocks. Lime is obtained from limestone, which is used to whitewash walls and ceilings. Lime is also part of the plaster. It is even part of the glass.

Our republic has its own limestone deposits (on the map they are indicated by a white square with diagonals).The best of them are located in our Ust-Abakan region (these are the Uybatskoye and Ulenskoye deposits) and in the Bogradsky region (Loshinskoye deposits).

The third stone: marble.

And this snow-white beautiful stone my classmate brought it to school. This is marble. The teacher said that marble is also limestone. If the limestone sinks to a great depth (for example, during an earthquake, volcanic eruption), then under the influence high temperatures and with tremendous pressure, it turns into beautiful marble.

The marble is very durable and hard. He surprises us with different colors and patterns. Marble is well polished. Polished, it becomes smooth and extraordinarily beautiful. Therefore, marble is used for wall cladding, columns in palaces, at metro stations.

Khakassia has its own large reserves of marble (the symbol on the map is a rhombus with one diagonal). This is the Kibik-Kordonskoye field not far from the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP, it isone of the oldest marble deposits in Russia. The marble from this deposit was used for facing metro stations in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Limestone has another "relative" that every schoolchild is familiar with. We write and draw with them on the board, asphalt. itchalk. It, of course, bears little resemblance to a stone: less durable, easily split into pieces, crumbles. But at the same time chalk is our irreplaceable assistant at school.

Practical part . My collection "World of Stone".

With the help of my parents, I put together a collection of decorative and ornamental stones, which I called "The World of Stone". He prepared a message about his collection, a slide presentation and spoke to classmates, as well as at the school scientific-practical conference of primary school students.

Message

The Stones are Interesting Project

Project type: short-term group research project with a given result and elements of creativity for children 6-7 years old.

Duration of the project: 2 months.

Project participants: children of the preparatory group, parents of pupils, educators.

Educational area: Cognitive development.

The urgency of the problem.

In preschool childhood, the foundations of a person's personal culture are laid, children get acquainted with the world around them. The child learns the world, learns to navigate in the phenomena of the surrounding nature, objects created by human hands. In order to form a holistic view of the environment in children, it is necessary to pay more attention to a comprehensive study of nature.
Do we always carefully look under our feet, not only in order not to stumble or fall, but also in order to find, raise and examine one of the wonders of nature - a stone? Acquaintance of children with stones helps to broaden their horizons; the ability to determine the materials from which objects are made, to establish links between the properties and characteristics of various materials, to determine the origin of man-made objects, the profession of people; the ability to examine objects using a system of sensory standards and perceptual actions, to group objects in accordance with a cognitive task.

Objective of the project: creation of conditions for the development of cognitive and creative abilities of pupils in the process of implementation educational project"Stones are interesting."

Project objectives:

to form an idea of ​​the Ural writer - P.P. Bazhov, his tales, as part of the culture of the Ural people;

to form in children preschool age elementary ideas about the variety of stones, the ability to examine them and name their properties;

to acquaint children with the role of stones in human life, some stones that people have been using for their own purposes since ancient times;

to educate a careful, conscious attitude towards inanimate nature;

promote individual self-expression, creative abilities of children in the process of productive creative activity;

contribute to the formation of skills in search, research activities, the development of intellectual initiative, the ability to determine possible methods solving the problem with the help of an adult, and then independently.

The intended result is:

children can name the properties of stones;

preschoolers have an idea of ​​some of the features of the appearance of stones;

the guys know about the benefits of stones in nature and human life;

children can find similarities and differences in stones;

preschoolers compose a descriptive story about stones based on illustrative material;

Latbook design "Underground treasures of the Urals»;

creation of a collection of stones.

Creation of the model "Ural Mountains"

Preliminary work:

search work on the selection of illustrative material on the topic "Stones are interesting";

examination of objects made of stone (jewelry, vases, writing instruments, small sculptures, etc.);

acquaintance with literary works: The Brothers Grimm "White and Rose", "Why Much": What is underground wealth? What were the pebbles whispering about? P. Bazhov "Malachite Box", "Silver Hoof", "Mistress of the Copper Mountain";

learning riddles, proverbs and sayings about the stone, playing finger gymnastics"How I took a pebble", "Mountain";

watching cartoons "Malachite Box", "Stone Flower";

drawing products, objects made of stone.

Family cooperation:

do-it-yourself creative idea "The transformation of a pebble";

registration together with parents in the "Collections of stones" group;

selection fiction and cartoons.

Final event: exhibition of drawings based on the work of P. Bazhov: "Malachite box".

Project activity product: story about stones using the layout: "Ural Mountains, and Letbook" Tales of the Ural Mountains ", illustrations and a thematic album" The World of Stones ", design in the group" Collections of Stones ", a creative idea with his own hands" Transformation of a Pebble ", an exhibition of drawings based on the works of P .Bazhova.

Project implementation plan:

results

Registration form
the result

• 1. Conversations

  "Where do stones come from?", "Stones in nature",

  “Stones.

  How does a person use stones. "

weeks

Formation

children's ideas about stones:

their purpose in nature

and human use.

Summary of the lesson "Stones".

2. Exhibition of children creative works based on the works of P.P. Bazhov.

weeks

Creative

product of visual activity.

Exhibition of children's creative works.

3. Creative workshop "The transformation of a pebble"

weeks

Creation

artistic images on

based on natural forms.

Exhibition of creative works.

4. Cooperative activity children and parents - a selection of information and design of pages for the compilation of the album "The World of Stone".

weeks

Promoting

cooperation between children and adults

Album page design

"The world of stone"

Research

"Journey to the world of stone"

Completed by the student

1 "b" class

MBOU "Polevobikshik secondary school"

Diana Markidanova

supervisor

Pavlova G.R.

2009

Journey to the world of stone

Introduction. Often, when I come home from a walk, there are many different pebbles in my pockets. They can be found anywhere: on the streets of the city, on the banks of a river, a lake, in a stream, and even at your grandmother's in the garden. And I wondered where did they come from? They are so different from each other, but we all call them in one word - stone. But, probably, each of them has its own name? It is necessary to understand this without fail.

Goal and tasks:

1. 
   Explore the stones that surround us.
2. 
   Learn as much as possible about stones (what they are, their names, stories associated with stones, how they appeared on Earth).
3. 
   Are there any edible stones?
4. 
   Get acquainted with some of the properties of the stone; establish the simplest connections, draw conclusions;
5. 
   Build a collection of stones.
6. 
   Start writing a description of the rocks and minerals in the collection.

Research time: 2011-2012.

Research methodology.

• 
  Viewing literature on this topic;
• 
  Excursions in the surrounding area and beyond;
• 
  Collecting a collection of stones (stone in nature, in construction, at home, at school);
• 
  Drawing up a description of the collection;
• 
  Taking pictures of interesting objects;
• 
  Creation of an author's presentation.

The relevance of research.

Traveling to the world of stone is a very exciting experience. Studying the stones, you definitely go to the distant past of our planet and the area where I live. There are countless different stones on Earth: beautiful and not very, different colors and forms. The beauty! I admire the stones and think: after all, in each of them there is some kind of secret and a hundred riddles. And not all of them, probably, have been revealed and solved. And how many have seen these stones in their lifetime! So I wanted to know what secrets they hide in themselves. How many are there, how do they differ from each other, are there edible stones, the history of their appearance on Earth, and what benefits do stones bring to people?

I tried to find an answer to these and other questions in my work.

1. 
   Main part

1.1 What is a Stone?

Stone

If you carefully examine the pebble, you will notice that it is often multi-colored - or striped, because of the piercing veins, or spotted, or with irregularly shaped stains. This is because the stone is composed of different minerals. Minerals differ in color, hardness, weight and composition. The world around us consists of them, like bricks. inanimate nature- beautiful "semi-precious" precious stones (jade, agate, turquoise, garnet, diamond, sapphire) are also minerals and semi-precious stones.
1.2. The history of the origin of the stone.

Where does the history of the stone begin? Academician AE Fersman said that the history of the stone begins with the most distant epochs of human existence. And did not stone exist on Earth before the appearance of man? There was. And this is confirmed by geology. The stone is as old as our Earth. It is an integral part of the Earth and especially its upper part - the earth's crust. Stone is inseparable from the Earth and participates in its geological history.

Minerals appeared at the earliest stage in the development of the Earth as a planet. They are the earliest witnesses to the geological history of the Earth. As G. X. Andersen wrote, the novel of the Earth is more interesting than all the novels: one has to read through layers, silicon layers of different earthly periods.

Everything rocks depending on the conditions of education are subdivided into three groups: primary (igneous), secondary (sedimentary) and modified (transformed or metamorphic).

Rocks form the relief of the earth's surface. The stone witnesses changes in the earth's surface under the influence of not only external forces of nature, but also other, internal forces hidden in the depths of the Earth and manifested at times in the form of volcanic eruptions and destructive earthquakes. For millions and billions of years, the stone lay on the surface of the Earth motionless and eternal, forming, against the background of the natural landscape of the most ancient epochs of the Earth, as if "permanent local objects" that appear on the screen of a modern radar. it was very monotonous. ” new story stone. It was associated with its extraction, processing, use and, in some cases, even destruction. The stone, as it were, went through the stages of birth, life and destruction ...

Each stone has its own special properties, its own name, composition, and appearance. A stone in a rock is like a person in a crowd: he has his own face, character, clothes.

1.3. A kind of stones.

Stone one of the most durable building materials, I must say that durability primarily depends on the type of stone. Today, about 3500 types of stones are known, but only a few dozen are common on the surface of the earth.
Natural stone- natural building material.

Natural stone refers to all rocks used in construction. These include marble, granite, tuff, slate, sandstone, andlimestone and onyx.

Natural stone is one of the oldest materials used by people to build houses or cladding facades. Due to its beauty, strength and durability, natural stone is an adornment of palaces, temples, estates or ordinary houses. In the interior, natural stone can be used in different variations.

Often natural stones used for cladding buildings, both inside and outside. For interior cladding, special marble or granite wallpaper is used. The combination of mosaic patterns and patterned structures add beauty and richness to the appearance.

Facade cladding with natural stone is also very popular. Firstly, it is an attractive appearance, and secondly, it is a very environmentally friendly and at the same time very durable material. Also, natural stone is wear-resistant, frost-resistant and almost does not absorb moisture. The disadvantage of this material is its relative high cost.

Preciousand semipreciousstones - minerals who possess a beautiful appearance(as a rule, only after polishing or cutting) and at the same time they are quite rare, and as a result are expensive. They are widely used for the production of jewelry collected in collectoruyah are used as banking assets. Difficult-looking imitations of most gemstones are made artificially, imitations or fakes of many gemstones were made back in the days Ancient rome(these days such synthetic stones and imitation gems are very popular, as they cost much less). In 1902, the French chemist M.A. Verneuil first received and began to supply the world market with synthetic rubies, and a little later synthetic sapphires and synthetic spinel... The emergence a large number synthetic stones did not reduce, but, on the contrary, increased the value and cost of natural, natural gems. Less rare minerals are often referred to as semiprecious.

The section mineralogy called gemology.

With development human society and the development of nature revealed more and more beneficial features stone, its use widened and its history became more complicated. That's why modern life unthinkable without a stone.

1.4 Rocks around us.

Halite.

We do deal with many minerals in Everyday life... And literally every day - with the most vital, irreplaceable mineral No. 1 - ordinary table (rock) salt, halite. The common salt we eat is a mineral that geologists call halite. Salt is not only dissolved in seawater. It is also found in the mountains in the form of crystals. This rock salt is called halite. It is the only mineral that can be eaten. The name comes from the Greek "gallos" - sea salt. It is predominantly white in color, sometimes colorless. Sometimes, due to impurities of other minerals, it acquires an intense blue or red color.

Coal.

I found this stone in my grandmother's yard. It turned out to be a heat stone.

This combustible stone heats up in the fire, pours up with a red flame, hot, as the fire becomes and burns itself.

For a long time, the heat-stone in the hearth for a person saved warmth in the cold. With his combustible power, he learned to move cars. People have learned to convert the fiery heat of a fire stone into electricity. Fire is a stone, light is a stone, but a seemingly modest dark stone, never mind that there is so much warmth and light hiding in it. This is, of course, coal.

Where did he come from? It all began many, many years ago, when the Earth was the kingdom of forests and swamps. Stepping on the forests, the swamp water flooded all the land around the giant trees, washed away their roots and the trees died. And the giants fell into the muddy swamp slurry. For a long time, a thick layer of caked plants accumulates underground. What was mighty vegetation thousands of years ago is turning into a brown mass - peat. Compressed by layers of earth, peat gradually hardens, turns to stone and turns into stone - brown coal. And if brown coal is compressed very strongly underground, it gradually turns into black coal, and then into anthracite.

In addition to heat and energy, coal gave us many other gifts: plastic toys, medicinal and aromatic substances, car tires, fishing nets, paints and varnishes.

This is how strong, beautiful and iridescent it is, this black modest stone, extracted from the air and light by ancient plants. Isn't it a miracle! .

Granite.

I found this motley stone by the road. In the encyclopedia "World Geography" in the beginner's geologist's guide, I discovered my stranger - this is granite.

Granite! In this very word, one can hear firmness and strength. But this mighty stone got its name from the word "grain". “Granum” - so in the ancient language - Latin - the words “grain”, “grain”, “grain” sound. From the word "granum" the name "granite" has gone.

If you look closely at the polished granite, you can see that it is all as if composed of stone grains. And they are not only different in color, they are also different kind... Granite consists mainly of three stones - sparkling quartz, dark mica, colorful feldspar. Most of all in feldspar granite, it gives it its color. If the spar is reddish, then the granite seems to us reddish, if the spar is gray, then the granite is gray ...

Granite is a powerful building material.
Chalk.

This stone was pointed out to me by my mother. But it doesn't look like a stone at all, I was surprised. Every schoolchild is familiar with this stone, we write them on the blackboard. Of course, this is chalk.

Once upon a time, small creatures-crustaceans, sea snails and other sea people lived in the ancient sea-ocean. Were there many of them in the sea-ocean? And as in a cloud of drops. And each snail droplet had its own house - a shell. And the whole ocean was filled with these living clouds, like the sky before the rain.

And, it is true, the “rain” fell from the obsolete shells to the bottom of the sea. For thousands of years, the shell rain continued without interruption. And together with the shells, the skeletons of various sea creatures, and the shells of crustaceans, and the fragments of buildings made by small sea inhabitants, sank to the bottom. All this mixes and cakes under water in the very real stone- shell rock. Many years have passed, and where there was the seabed is now dry land. After all, the surface of the Earth is in motion all the time - it rises, falls, gathers in huge folds ... it happens very slowly. Many, many years ago, a thick shell blanket covered the seabed, and today we can travel through the mountains, which are entirely composed of white stone - limestone.

On land, with these sea limestone stones, various changes have taken place over a long time, and finally our helper chalk is formed.

Clay.

2. access to the computer,

3.observation,

4. examination of samples from the collection.

^ Study plan was like this:

1. 
   To study the origin of stones, to reveal the properties of stones through experiments and experiments, their application in human everyday life.
2. 
   Find out how you can replenish your collection of minerals.

So what is a stone?

Stone this is natural material and rock used in many industrial areas, including construction.

Where does the history of the stone begin?

According to scientists, stones are as old as our planet. The stone is an integral part of the earth and it is inseparable from the earth.

Each stone has its own special properties, its own name, composition, and appearance. Today, about 3500 types of stones are known.

Natural stone- natural building material. People use it when cladding buildings, both inside and outside.

Preciousand semipreciousstones have a beautiful appearance, they are quite rare and expensive. They are used to produce jewelry collected in collections are used as banking assets.

We deal with many minerals in our daily life. And literally every day.

Mineral No. 1- ordinary cooking (stone)salt, halite. White. Used in everyday life for food preparation.

Mineral number 2. Chalk. Uniform, soft, loose, writes well on the board.

Mineral No. 3. Coal... Black, homogeneous, solid. It is used in the manufacture of plastic toys, medicines, varnishes and paints, in the production of heat and energy.

I also collected 20 types of stones from the series of the magazine "Energy of stones". Look how beautiful they are. Now I want to show you what properties possess these stones.

Experience number 1. Determination of color and shape.

Output: stones are different in color and shape.

Experience number 2. Determination of the size.

Output: stones come in different sizes.

Experience No. 3. Determination of the nature of the surface.

Output: the stone can be smooth and rough.

Output: the surface of the stone has different patterns: Specks, paths, indentations, dimples, patterns, etc.

Experience No. 4. Determination of the weight of the stone.

Output: stones by weight are different: light, heavy.

Experience No. 5. Determination of temperature.

The stones are cold . We put them on the palms, inhale through the nose, and exhale through the mouth.

Output: the stones are cold, but they heat up quickly.

Experience No. 6. Determination of density (determined with a sponge)

Output: the stones are hard, dense.

Experience No. 7. Determination of buoyancy.

Output: stones sink in water because they are heavy and dense.

After doing my research, I found that :

The world of inanimate nature around us consists of stones, as of bricks;
- about 3500 types of stones are known;
- the process of formation of stones occurs deep in the bowels of the Earth;
- the only mineral that can be eaten is halite, or table salt;
- minerals are widely used in construction and industry;
- you can search for minerals for the collection everywhere!

Based on the data I received, we can conclude that our life without stones would be much more complicated, the world of stones has not been fully explored and is fraught with many mysteries, right under our feet you can find both minerals known to science and discover new ones.
I am very interested in stones. I will continue to collect the collection of stones.

Municipal preschool educational institution

Novoulyanovskiy kindergarten of general developmental type "ABVGDeyka"

Project: Creation of a mini-museum "The Mysterious World of Stone"

Kazantseva Tatiana Alexandrovna

MDOU Kindergarten "ABVGDeyka", educator

Novoulyanovsk, 2015

Project: Creation of a mini-museum "The Mysterious World of Stone".

Project type : group, information-cognitive-research.Presentation form : decoration of the mini-museum of stone, excursion to the museum (conducted by children senior group) Direction - natural science, with elements of local history.Duration of the project: long-term.Dates and location of the project: September-March., MDOU D / S "ABVGDeyka"Project participants: Children of the older group (5-6 years old), parents of pupils, educators of the group.Relevance of the project. Even in preschool childhood, the child must learn to navigate in nature, the phenomena of the surrounding reality, public and his own life. In order to form a holistic idea of ​​the world around children in children, more attention should be paid to a comprehensive study of wildlife and inanimate nature, the ecosystem of the region, the country as a whole. And let's take a close look at our feet, raise and consider one of the mysteries of nature - a stone. Few thought about the fact that the earth consists of only two components, stone and water. Since ancient times, the connection of man with nature and with stone has been known. Stones and minerals are amazing gifts of nature. People had great respect for the mysterious and mysterious powers of stones.

Acquaintance of children with the minerals of the Ulyanovsk region, mined in the quarries of the city of Novoulyanovsk, just stones found on the banks of our Volga river, helps to expand the horizons of children, the ability to establish connections between the properties and characteristics of various materials, the ability to determine the materials from which objects are made, acquaintance with professions of people. Involvement of children in experimental, research activities is a means of forming their curiosity, interest in natural resources.

The knowledge acquired by children during the project becomes the property of their personal experience. They were obtained in response to questions posed by the children themselves in the process of project activities.The best discovery is the one that the child made himself.

Objective of the project: creation of conditions for the development of cognitive and research abilities of pupils, for the formation of a holistic worldview of a preschool child by means of experiment, the result is the creation of a mini-museum "The Mysterious World of Stone".

Project objectives:

Build research skills,aimed at knowing the world around;Develop the ability to identify the materials from which stone products are made,examine stones, name their properties and features, classify stones according to their distinctive features.

To form an interest in objects of inanimate nature and in experimental activities with them.

Enrich the vocabulary of preschoolers, activate thinking skills.

To form moral and patriotic feelings for the native land, pride in the cultural and historical heritage.

Develop curiosity, interest and respect for a variety of natural resources Ulyanovsk region and hometown.

Project content:

The project of creating a mini-museum "The Mysterious World of Stones" acquaints children of older preschool age with the variety and properties of different stones, their characteristics, meaning and diverse use of them by man. Children develop an interest in objects of inanimate nature, moral and patriotic feelings are formed in relation to their small homeland.

Project progress

Program section

Types of children's activities

Play activity Cognitive development Research activities Speech development Productive activity Working with parents

Didactic games with stones for the development of sensory abilities, fine motor skills hands: "Pick up the same stone", "Know by touch", "Mosaic of stones", "Stone labyrinth", "Lay out pebbles according to the template." Board-print games: “What is made of what”, “Checkers”, “Mineral resources”, “Pick up a pebble” (fix the names of natural and artificial stones). Role-playing games: "We are geologists", "In the cave of the mountain king", "In a jewelry workshop", "We are miners". Construction games: "In the Novoulyanovsk quarry", "Mining". Outdoor games: "Stone-take", "We are climbers", "King of the hill", "Find your stone". Cycle thematic sessions on the topic: "Stones are interesting", "What are minerals and how are they mined?" write ”,“ Volcanic stones ”,“ Stones born of the sea ”. "The value of stones and their benefits for people", "Our cement plant". Manufacturing and design of expositions of the mini-museum "The Mysterious World of Stone". Acquaintance with the professions of parents: bricklayer, excavator in the quarry (invited to perform in the group). Creation of albums "The world of stones", "The stones from which they are built", "The stones that heal" Collecting a collection of stones. Examining collections of stones. Experiments with stones: Salt (grown salt crystals, salt water prevents the object from drowning), Water and stone (like water destroys stones), The heaviest and lightest (comparison of stones by weight), Is there air in the stone? What is the best stone to paint on asphalt (chalk, coal, graphite)? , "Why do they say - strong as a stone", "What's inside the mountain?"Experimental activity: What is the best stone for painting on asphalt (chalk, coal, graphite)?. Examining stones through a magnifying glass-Describe “who sees what” (crystals, cracks, patterns, etc.) . Drawing up creative stories by children "Good - bad" - properties of a stone (TRIZ), "If I became a stone." "Guess what kind of stone I found?" - compilation of a mini-story describing the found stone. Creation and illustration of the album "Tales of Stones". Videos and filmstrips: "Malachite Box", "Stone Flower", "Silver Hoof"; Reading the book "The Adventures of Little Melochka" - the author's book of Romanova.VNg. Novoulyanovsk; Reading-NISladkov "Dried stones", "Chowder from stones" - an Italian fairy tale; "Bear-stone" - Japanese fairy tale, E. Karetnikova "Rusalkin stone", A. Agafonova "Tale of the gnome and the stone-rainbow" Memorizing children's poems about stones, authors - V. Kulaev, E. Shendrik, A. Orlova, S. Ostrovsky. Iso-activity:« Magic transformation of stones "(drawing by design),drawing with a pebble in the sand, drawing a plot on a stone, drawing with sand, salt, crayons on the asphalt, simple pencils. Drawing up a panel and a collage of stones. Construction: construction of buildings and handicrafts made of stones: "Palace of stone", "Stone castles", "House of Naf-Nafa". Making models: "Volcanoes and mountains", "Stones that write", "Stones born of the sea", " Gems"," Ammonites "," Simbirtzites ". Design of the mini-encyclopedia "The World of Stones" for preschool children. Making crafts from natural stone"What from what?" Manufacturing board games using stones "Tic-tac-toe", "Fifteen". Exhibition joint work parents and children made of stone: "Stone masterpieces". Meetings with interesting people... Profession story. Excursion to the Volga river. Decoration in the group of the mini-museum "The Mysterious World of Stones" (active help from parents) Presentation of the museum (presented by children).

Expected Result:

Children have formed ideas about the properties of stones, about the features of their appearance, knowledge about the benefits of stones in nature and human life. They have an idea of ​​how stones are mined and how they are used, what minerals Russia, Ulyanovsk region, Novoulyanovsk are rich in. Show cognitive abilities: demonstrate the prerequisites for search activity, intellectual initiative. Embody ideas in creative activities.

Using the results:

The result of this project was the acquisition by children of the skills of a careful, constructive attitude to the world around them, new knowledge, which made it possible to form the prerequisites for educational and research skills and abilities in accordance with the main lines of development.

1. Golitsyn M. S. "Treasures of the Earth" I get to know the world. M. Publishing house AST, 2001

2.Dybin. O.V. Unknown nearby: Entertaining experiences and experiments for preschoolers / OV Dybina, NP Rakhmanova, VV Shchetinina. - Moscow. Creative Center, 2004.

3. Dybina. O.V. Child in the world of search / OV Dybina.-Moscow. Creative Center 2007

4.Ivanova, A.I. Methodology for organizing environmental observations and experiments in kindergarten / A. I. Ivanova. - Moscow. Sfera shopping center, 2006.

5. Ryzhova N.A. "What is under our feet" (sand, clay, stones) M, 2005.

6. Ryzhova N.A. "Mini Museum in kindergarten»M, Linka - Press, 2008

6. Secrets of nature (School of the seven dwarfs for classes with children from 5 to 6 years old) - Publishing house Mozaika - Synthesis 2008.

7. Materials of Internet sites.

FLUORITE Fluorite gets its name from the Latin word fluor current. The stone was used as glass in optical night vision devices. In demand for fluorite as decorative material increases. Jewelry is made of precious stones: bracelets, beads, rings, sometimes there are boxes, candlesticks, ashtrays.

PINK QUARTZ Quartz has long been used for making jewelry by most of the peoples of the world. Quartz was first mentioned by Theophastus, then by Pliny, who considered quartz to be petrified ice. The origin of the word "quartz" probably comes from the Vendian "twardy" - hard.

TOPAZ Topaz is an unusually beautiful gemstone that is often used in jewelry... As a mineral, topaz is excellent for cutting glass. Most often found in crystals. This stone was named after Topazion Island in the Red Sea.

MALACHIT Malachite This name comes from the Greek "malach" - mallow (flower). Malachite is an aqueous carbonate of all shades of green. Even in ancient times, Israel and Ancient Egypt were famous for the deposits of malachite. It was there that the belief was born, according to which this stone was the best assistant of the pharaohs in making decisions. This contributed to the popularization of the use of malachite for the manufacture of amulets, various decorations and interior details.

Amber Amber is just a delightful gift for us from Mother Nature. Amber comes in a variety of colors - yellow, orange, red, white, brown, green, blue and nearly black. Very often in amber you can find particles of plants or insects trapped in amber, which is of great importance for both collectors and scientists.

CHALTSEDON Chalcedony got its name from the Chalcedony area in Asia Minor. Chalcedony is also referred to as "blue Moonstone"," Mecca stone ". Chalcedony is no ordinary gem. Chalcedony is the most demanded material for making jewelry, ranging from a luxurious evening necklace to austere cufflinks. The availability of the precious stone and the variety of shades make it so popular for making vases, figurines, mosaics, and interior details.