Compositions. Creative works on literature Loyalty to oneself the master and margarita

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1 Arguments to the direction "Loyalty and treason" for the final essay. M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita" Cheating on her husband. Margarita cheated on her unloved husband. But only this allowed her to remain true to herself. A marriage without love could doom her to death (spiritual and physical). But she was able to find the strength to start life from scratch and become happy. Loyalty to a loved one. Margarita loved her chosen one so much that she sold her soul to the devil. She was ready to seek him around the world and beyond. She remained faithful to him even when there was no hope of finding the Master. Betrayal. Pontius Pilate betrayed his ideals, which is why he could not find peace after death. He understood that he was doing wrong, but out of fear he betrayed himself and the person in whose innocence he believed. This man was Yeshua. Loyalty to your ideals. The master believed so much in what he was doing that he could not betray the work of his whole life. He could not leave him at the mercy of envious critics. To save his work from misinterpretation and condemnation, he even destroyed it. 1. Loyalty / treason. Trust is a sign of courage, and loyalty is a sign of strength. (Maria Ebner Eschenbach) Betrayal can be forgiven, but offense can not be. (A. Akhmatova) How can you deal with a person who cannot be trusted? If the cart does not have an axle, how can you ride it? (Confucius) Whoever has never sworn an oath of fidelity will never break it. (August Platen) Happiness needs fidelity, but unhappiness can do without it. (Seneca)

2 Only once do we lose life and trust. (Publius Sire) Constancy is the basis of virtue. (O. Balzac) To be faithful is a virtue, to be faithful is an honor. (Maria Ebner-Eschenbach) Without constancy, there can be no love, no friendship, no virtue. (D. Addison) A noble heart cannot be wrong. (O. Balzac) We judge the smallest infidelity in relation to us much more severely than the most insidious betrayal in relation to others. (F. La Rochefoucauld) In this world, I value only loyalty. Without this you are nobody and you have nobody. In life, this is the only currency that will never depreciate. (Vysotsky V.S.) Treason arises in the heart before it manifests itself in action. (J. Swift) Readers can change the writer as much as they want, but the writer must always be faithful to the reader. (W.H. Auden) Betrayal is most often committed not out of deliberate intent, but out of weakness of character. (F. de La Rochefoucauld) Loyalty, which can only be maintained at the cost of great effort, is no better than betrayal. (F. de La Rochefoucauld) Traitors are despised even by those they have served. (Tacitus Publius Cornelius) 2. Loyalty / betrayal in the love sphere.

3 The requirement of loyalty is the greed of the owner. We would willingly give up a lot, if it were not for the fear that someone else will pick it up (O. Wilde) True love helps to endure all hardships. (F. Schiller) If your wife cheated on you, then rejoice that she cheated on you and not your fatherland. (A.P. Chekhov) People often cheat for the sake of ambition, but then they will never change ambition for the sake of love. (F. de La Rochefoucauld) Consistency is the everlasting dream of love. (Vauvenargue) They love those who are going to betray, but they hate those who have already betrayed. (Dm. Arkady) To preserve love, one must not change, but change.? (K. Melikhan) You cannot hope for female fidelity; happy who looks at it indifferently. (A.S. Pushkin) When you love, you don’t want to drink water other than that which you find in your favorite spring. Fidelity in this case is a natural thing. In a loveless marriage, the spring water turns bitter in less than two months. (Stendhal) The basis of love, its primary condition is faith, unconditional fidelity and devotion. True love is not blind, on the contrary, it, perhaps, for the first time opens a person's eyes. The slightest betrayal of a loved one, if it happens sooner or later, is a complete betrayal of everything, from the very beginning, it destroys not only the future, but also the past, because this means that every day of a life full of trust was a lie and the heart was deceived. Whoever has been unfaithful even once has never been loyal. (David Scott)

4 3. Loyalty / treason to the Motherland, national duty. For treason to the homeland, an extreme baseness of the soul is needed. (N.G. Chernyshevsky) There is only one crime that cannot be expiated - it is treason to your state. Homeland cannot be changed, it can only be betrayed. A person who truly loves the Motherland always knows its value. To express your opinion, you do not have to be a famous person ... (E.V. Gushchina) Ignorance, selfishness and betrayal are three irreconcilable enemies of patriotism. (Garegin Nuzhde) There is no higher idea of how to sacrifice your own life, defending your brothers and your fatherland. (FM Dostoevsky) You cannot be a hero fighting against the motherland. (Hugo V.) Is it possible to run away from yourself, leaving your homeland? (Horace) If the holy army shouts: "Throw you Rus, live in paradise!", I will say: "No need for paradise, Give my homeland." loyalty to her, even at the cost of life. (J.-J. Rousseau) I understand loyalty as loyalty to the homeland, and not to its institutions and rulers. Homeland is true, lasting, eternal; the homeland must be protected, one must love it, one must be faithful to it; institutions are something external, like clothes, and clothes can wear out, tear, become uncomfortable, stop protecting the body from cold, illness and death. (M. Twain) 4. Loyalty / betrayal in relation to a friend, comrade, etc. Be loyal to the one who is loyal to you. (Plat)

5 Both in friendship and in love, sooner or later the time comes for settling scores. (D.B.Shaw) Cheating on a friend is much more painful than cheating on a loved one, because you expect it less from him. (Etienne Rey) Cheating to a friend is a crime Without excuse, without forgiveness. (Lope de Vega) Fidelity is the commandment of friendship, the most precious thing that can be given to a person at all. (E. Thalmann) Half friend, half traitor. (V. Hugo) An unfaithful friend is like a shadow that follows you while the sun is shining. (K. Dossey) Loyal to you is a friend; your loyal enemy. (A. Nadanyan) 5. Loyalty / betrayal in relation to oneself, one's moral principles, one's vocation, goals, word, religious convictions, etc. Be true to yourself, and then, just as surely as night succeeds day, loyalty to other people will follow. (Shakespeare) A fool is the man who never changes his mind. (W. Churchill) Who is true only to himself, is always unfaithful with others. (L. Sukhorukov) Those who never change their views love themselves more than the truth. (J. Joubert) Who betrays himself, does not love anyone in this world. (Shakespeare)

6 Be true to yourself, and then, as surely as night succeeds day, faithfulness to other people will follow. (Shakespeare) If you hid the truth, hid it, if you did not get up from your seat and did not speak at the meeting, if you spoke without telling the whole truth, you betrayed the truth. (J. London) But it's sad to think that youth was given to us in vain, That they cheated on her every hour, That she deceived us. (A.S. Pushkin) To change or not completely change your business. The main thing is not to cheat on yourself, not to waste on what is actually not needed, and to be able to keep what is really valuable. (O. Roy) To be authentic is to be true to yourself. (Osho) Agility of mind does not paint a person too much, if it is not accompanied by fidelity of judgments. Not those watches are good that run fast, but those that show the exact time. (Vauvenargue) The word "loyalty" has done a lot of harm. People have learned to be "faithful" to a thousand injustices and iniquities. Meanwhile, they should have been true only to themselves, and then they would have rebelled against deception. (M. Twain) Traitors betray themselves first of all. (Plutarch) 6. Faithfulness of animals to their masters. White Fang did not like Gray Beaver - and yet he remained loyal to him in defiance of his will, his anger. He couldn't help himself. That is how he was created. Loyalty was the property of the White Fang breed, loyalty distinguished him from all other animals, loyalty brought the wolf and the wild dog to man and allowed them to become his companions. (J. London)

7 Faithfulness is a quality that people have lost, but dogs have retained. (A.P. Chekhov) No dog in the world considers ordinary loyalty to be something unusual. But people came up with the idea of extolling this feeling of a dog as a feat only because not all of them and not so often have devotion to a friend and loyalty to duty so that it is the root of life, the natural basis of the very being, when the nobility of the soul is a self-evident state. (G. Troepolsky) A lot has already been written about dog loyalty, but no one seems to have said that loyalty is happiness. He who serves the one he loves already receives his reward. (L. Ashkenazi) Whoever has experienced affection for a faithful and intelligent dog, there is no need to explain with what ardent gratitude she pays for it. There is something in the disinterested and selfless love of the beast that conquers the heart of everyone who has more than once happened to experience the treacherous friendship and deceitful devotion inherent in Man. (E.A. Poe) Sources:

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The story of the Master and Margarita is known even to those who have never read the work of Mikhail Bulgakov. One of the eternal, timeless themes, the theme of love in the novel "The Master and Margarita" by Bulgakov attracts with its depth and sincerity.

Heroes before meeting each other

Through the lips of the Master himself, Bulgakov tells us about his life before meeting the heroine. A historian by education, the hero worked in one of the museums in the capital, sometimes “was engaged in translations” (he knew several languages). He was lonely, had few acquaintances in Moscow. Having won a lot of money on a bond received at work, rented basement rooms in a small house, bought the necessary books and began writing a novel about Pontius Pilate. The master, who then had a name, was going through his "golden age". The coming spring was beautiful, the novel about Pilate was flying towards the end.

Once "something much more delightful happened" than a big win - the Master met a woman, very beautiful, with "extraordinary, unseen loneliness in her eyes," and from that moment his life took on fullness.

This woman was beautiful, wealthy, married to a young successful specialist, and, by the standards of the people around her, she was completely safe. Talking about her, the author exclaims: “Gods, my gods! What did this woman need! " The heroine is lonely and unhappy - there is no love in her life. Together with the Master, meaning came to Margarita's life.

So with the story of a seemingly random meeting of heroes, the theme of love begins to sound in the novel "The Master and Margarita".

Love problem in romance

Love did not make the heroes better or worse - it, like a true feeling, made them different.

The Master and Margarita realized that they were brought together by "fate itself and that they were created for each other forever." Love "struck us instantly", "struck both of us at once! - exclaims the Master, talking with the poet Homeless, - so lightning strikes, so strikes a Finnish knife! " - forever and irrevocably.

The master was now creating a great novel, he was inspired by his beloved. Margarita, on the other hand, found happiness, becoming a "secret wife", a friend and associate of the writer. And, just as there was not “not a soul” in the alley along which, when they first met, the heroes walked, so in their new life there was no place for anyone: only two and their common cause - a novel created by the Master.

The novel was finished, and "the hour came when I had to leave the secret shelter and go out into life."

The world of literature, the reality into which the Master is immersed - the world of opportunism, mediocrity and denial of talent, breaks it down.

The heroes have to confront the world around them. Following the fate of the writer and his beloved, we see how the problem of love is solved in many ways in the novel The Master and Margarita.

Love of the Master and Margarita: dedication and selflessness

Bulgakov writes a story of selfless and selfless love.

Margarita accepts the interests of the hero as her own, she does everything to make her beloved happy and calm, this is now the raison d'être of her existence, she inspires the writer, helps create and makes him a Master. Their life becomes one.

Not for a minute feeling happy in the Gothic mansion, Margarita, nevertheless, cannot hurt her husband, leave without explaining anything, because he "did no harm" to her.

The master who created the ingenious but "untimely" novel is broken. "I am now nobody." He wants nothing more than to see his beloved, but he considers himself not entitled to ruin her life.

Mercy and compassion in the love of heroes

Love in The Master and Margarita is merciful and compassionate.

The feeling that the heroine has for the chosen one is inextricably linked with her love for people. Acting with dignity as the queen at Satan's ball, she bestows love and attention on all great sinners. Her own suffering prompts her to save others from the suffering: without even thinking, “a person of exceptional kindness”, “a highly moral person” asks Woland not for herself, but for the forgiveness of Frida, the repentant murderer of her own child.

Even in a fit of revenge, love allows Margarita to remain a woman, sensitive and merciful. The "wild rout" perpetrated by the heroine stopped as soon as she saw a frightened baby in one of the windows. Thirsty for reprisals against the critic Latunsky, who killed the Master, Margarita is not able to doom him to death. Turning her into a witch does not deprive the main thing - true femininity.

The last step before dissolving into eternity is taken by lovers together. Margarita demands to let go of Pilate's soul, tormented by his conscience for so long, the Master gets the opportunity to do this, ending the novel with one phrase: “Free! Free! He's waiting for you!"

Faithful and eternal love of the Master and Margarita

Left alone, having no news of her beloved, Margarita keeps her feeling and hope for a meeting. She does not care how and where she will take place, who will suit her.

It is in the work "The Master and Margarita" that the theme of eternal love and fidelity as a saving power human soul is revealed to us by the author. What a person is capable of to keep his love - the story makes us think about it.

To learn about the Master is the only desire of the desperate Margarita, for the sake of which you can believe in anything, turn into a witch, become the hostess of the ball of Satan himself. For her, the boundaries of Light and Darkness are erased: “otherworldly or not otherworldly - isn't it all the same,” she is sure. Yeshua read the novel, asks to give peace to the writer and his beloved, and the "prince of darkness" "arranges" peace. Margarita will remain with her beloved forever, next to him death is not afraid. “I will take care of your sleep,” she says, walking with the Master to their eternal home.

The power of love saves the Master from suffering, makes him strong (“I will never again allow cowardice,” he promises to the heroine) and returns his genius novel to the world.

The theme of love in Bulgakov's work is perhaps because it is so poignant and reliable that the author was lucky enough to love himself and be loved by a woman, who was embodied in the image of Margarita.
Time passes, the story of eternal love, told in the pages of The Master and Margarita, does not age, convincing that true love exists.

Many contemporaries tried to give their own analysis of love in the novel and the reasons for its appearance, the above reasoning is designed to help 11 graders when writing an essay on the theme "Love in the novel" The Master and Margarita "by Bulgakov."

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The problem of moral choice in the novel by Mikhail Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita"

Moral choice ... How often a person finds himself in a situation where he needs to make the right decision, having independently determined what is “bad” and what is “good”, what is “moral” and what is “immoral”! Loyalty or betrayal, conscience or dishonor, justice or cowardice. These and many other dilemmas stop a person at a crossroads.

The problem of moral choice is also key in the novel by MA Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita". Each of the heroes of the writer at a certain moment in his life must decide on something.

So, for example, it is extremely difficult to make a decision for Pontius Pilate: he must acquit an innocent wandering philosopher or still approve the death sentence.

Pontius Pilate is contradictory: two people coexist in him at the same time. On the one hand, an ordinary person who sympathizes with Yeshua, realizing the injustice of the sentence. The "balding" (household detail) Pontius Pilate, tormented by "terrible, evil" pains, is opposed to another Pilate - a government official who must strictly observe the laws of the Roman state.

The procurator's mental anguish is complicated by the fact that he is opposed to the people around him. M. Bulgakov shows this with the help of vivid epithets and lexical repetition: "Yershalaim, which he hates," "an innumerable crowd," "the crowd is impatiently awaiting ..."

Pontius Pilate acts in the interests of the Roman government, he fears for his life, power, career, he is cowardly, not free in his choice, but at the same time in his hands the fate of other people. Fear and cowardice make him go against his conscience, suppress good undertakings in himself.

The risk of losing power, his position makes Pilate wise and cunning, we see the procurator as an excellent actor, diplomat, psychologist. Knowing in advance what decision the Sanhedrin will make, the hero with "great skill" is surprised, amazed, raising his eyebrows on his "haughty face." Pilate, grabbing at the last straw, uses different means: he carefully prepares for the conversation, and “gently” addresses the high priest, and insistently demands that the decision be repeated.

And now "it's all over" internal struggle ended with the victory of Pilate, the procurator. Power, position held - are much more valuable things for the "hegemon" than justice, conscience, human life, in the end. Yeshua, on the other hand, does good, although stones are thrown at him and crucified. Freedom, truth and goodness are above all for the wandering philosopher.

The novel about Pontius Pilate is the creation of the Master, who in real life also have to choose. Feeling inner freedom, the Master begins to work on the piece. Remember how the literary world met the Master's version of Bible history? The novel was not accepted for publication. Editors, critics, members of the editorial board - everyone who read him fell upon the Master, wrote devastating articles in the newspapers. The critic Latunsky was especially furious. So M. Bulgakov emphasizes that in the world of art they are ready to destroy the living and talented for the sake of mediocrity, opportunism, profit.

Fear suppresses the Master's freedom over time. “So, for example, I became afraid of the dark. In a word, the stage of mental illness has come, ”says the hero. Fear makes the Master burn the novel, submit to the circumstances: "... I cannot remember my novel without a shudder." The master retreats, does not fight for his offspring to the end. He is even ready to refuse Margarita - he did not give her a message from the "house of sorrow."

The fate of a Master is the fate of a creative person in the world of unfreedom. For M. Bulgakov, this problem was one of the most important. Using the example of other writers who gathered in Griboyedov, the writer shows how often a person who has taken the path of creativity has to make a choice between talent, natural gift and mediocrity. Griboyedov's writers are most attracted by the "ordinary desire to live like a human being." And what is their idea of "living like a human being"? Have a dacha, sabbatical (up to two weeks - for a short story, up to one year - for a novel), tasty and cheap food. The moral essence of MASSOLIT members is emphasized by their surnames: Dvubratsky, Zagrivov, Glukharev, Bogokhulsky, Sladky, "merchant orphan Nastasya Lukinishna Nepremenova."

Probably no coincidence devilry he would deal with Berlioz so terribly, throwing him under the tram, and then stealing his head from the coffin. It was this hero who stood at the head of the Moscow writers - those people who have forgotten about the high purpose of the writer, have lost their shame and conscience. It was he, Berlioz, who taught young writers to think independently and freely, although he himself was an experienced, educated person.

M. Bulgakov reveals in his heroes greed, hypocrisy, frivolity, lust for power, the ability to betray and exalts love, goodness, truth, honesty.

So, between love and duty, Margarita chooses love. She says to Azazello: "My tragedy is that I live with someone whom I do not love, but I consider it unworthy to spoil his life." Still, the heroine decides to have a frank conversation with her unloved husband and leaves her beloved, plunging into madness, only for the night. Hatred of the Master's persecutors, the desire to take revenge on them - this is what then settles in the soul of Margarita. In spite of everything, mercy does not disappear. The heroine, having become a "witch," smashes Latunsky's apartment, but immediately calms the baby who has awakened in the next apartment. The only dream of the unfortunate woman is to return the Master. But first of all, Margarita asks for mercy for Frida. For patience, love, mercy, and it is these virtues that make up the moral essence of the heroine, Margarita was generously rewarded with the forces of evil.

So, M. Bulgakov puts many heroes in a situation of choice. What to prefer - loyalty or betrayal, decency or meanness, cruelty or mercy? Is this always the right choice? Someone is guided by conscience, justice, responsibility - someone, on the contrary, is cowardice, a desire to please. In order not to be mistaken at a crossroads, you need courage, intelligence, life experience, because very often the fate of people depends on the solution of a moral problem.

"True love helps to endure all hardships." F. Schiller

What is a person capable of doing for the sake of his true love... Can he change for her? How many things will he do to prove his love? And when he achieves reciprocity, how long will he be able to remain faithful? Many great philosophers discussed these questions, writers described these wonderful feelings and artists conveyed emotions with the help of paints. Is there any real love, purity of relationships, devotion, sincerity and complete trust between people? Of course, true love and unshakable fidelity now exist, but in our time it is not such a frequent occurrence. But in literature, many writers show examples of pure and true love from different angles.

The theme of loyalty and betrayal is revealed in Mikhail Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita. The feeling of love pushes Margarita to make a deal with the devil, she sells her soul to find out some information about her Master, she was ready to look for him all over the world and beyond his aisles. Despite the fact that she has a husband and could lead a wealthy life, she remained faithful to her true love - the Master. This shows the other side of Margarita - she cheated on her husband, though not her beloved. She subconsciously suffers because of this and acutely feels her guilt, but it was love for the Master that allowed Margarita not to die, both spiritually and physically. She was able to find the strength to start life from scratch and become truly happy. Thus, Mikhail Bulgakov shows the purity of Margarita's appearance, her loyalty, devotion, unselfishness, courage in the performance of duty - these are the eternal features of Russian women who can endure all the hardships that fall on their lot. Her love for the Master is real, sincere, devoted and faithful.

But love has another side of the coin. For example, in Ivan Alekseevich Bunin's story "Dark Alleys", the main characters are encountered already in old age, when the flame of their former love, "sunstroke", has already gone out for Nikolai, but still flickers in Nadezhda's soul. In general, Ivan Bunin's works about love are tragic, his love cannot be extended. If the heroes are faithful to this love, then only in memories. So the heroine of the story, Nadezhda, managed to retain in her memory loyalty to her first and only love for Nicholas in her life. Somewhere in the depths of her soul, there is still a glimmer of this beautiful feeling - the love that she experienced in her youth. Unlike Nadezhda, for Nikolai it was a fleeting hobby. He did not even realize that he had betrayed his beloved, changed their love when he simply forgot about her. But it turned out that it was this love that was the main one in his life. In his work, Ivan Bunin wanted to convey the drama of the fate of the heroes who parted while in love. Their love turned out to be very fragile. However, this love between the heroes devoted their entire lives and remained in the memory of both.

Summing up, we can conclude that every person can take actions to prove his love, to show how far he can "go" for her. But not every person is able to remain faithful. Real, sincere and true love- this is one case in a million in our time, because now it is enough to dissolve the marriage and that's it, it is no longer necessary to "keep" loyalty to anyone. If you really love, then you don't even have to think about cheating, much less change.

Loyalty

Mikhail Bulgakov worked on the novel The Master and Margarita until the last day of his life. It was this work that brought him posthumous worldwide fame. In it, the author introduces us to sincerely loving heroes, ready to go through many victims just to be together forever. Margarita is a beautiful, young woman who is married to a worthy man who gives her both prosperity and peace of mind. But the heroine does not love her husband. From the very first minute, he fell in love with a modest and unremarkable writer named Master.

During the novel

we learn that the heroine is ready to live in a closet, endure material hardships, but only so that her beloved Master is always there. Such is the ideal love of M. A. Bulgakov, who endowed his heroes with extraordinary characters and inclinations. The phrase has entered the world of Russian literature forever: “Follow me, reader! Who told you that there is no real, true, eternal love in the world? Let the liar cut off his vile tongue! " Poetic love, earthly love, heroic love - this is the force that drives all the events of the novel The Master and Margarita.

However, for lovers, happiness is replaced by a bitter parting. Then the author sends them to help them the professor of black magic and the "prince of darkness" almighty Woland. The question arises: How could the author send dark forces to help such a bright feeling? Bulgakov had a special approach to love. He did not divide this feeling into light or dark, and generally did not attribute it to any category. Love is a feeling that could be considered on a par with life or death. She could be both vicious and divine. Also, the author uses the following epithets in relation to her: faithful, real, eternal, all-forgiving, redeeming.

Such was the love of the Master and Margarita, for which Woland gave them eternal happiness and eternal peace. For this, however, a price was paid. Concerned about the disappearance of her lover, Margarita agrees to everything that Woland's accomplices offer her. She turns into a witch and a queen of the satanic ball, and drinks a blood drink from the glass-head of the late Berlioz, and wreaks havoc in the house of the critic Latunsky, because of which the Master began to have problems. The key scene in the novel is Satan's ball, during which Margarita acts not only as the queen of the celebration, but also as a direct participant at the reception of former sinners: murderers, executioners, robbers.

During the ball, her attention is attracted by one sad guest, whose name is Frida. Her sin is too grave. She is a child-killer who has been presented with the very handkerchief with which she strangled her own child for thirty years. Margarita sincerely pity her and, at the expense of her only desire, asks Woland to free this unfortunate woman from further suffering. At the same time, Messire understands that she sacrifices her personal happiness for the sake of a stranger, so he still returns the Master to her. The power of true love is great and can work miracles. As a reward for their loyalty and love, Bulgakov's heroes at the end of the novel received well-deserved peace.